Cataracts in dogs is one of the most common problems that affect canines. This condition occurs in a variety of forms which ultimately leads to the formation of the cataract. Several breeds and ages of dogs can be affected but it is known to show up more often in some breeds than others. This article will ease you through the things you need to know about dog cataracts.

Before we understand how to address the symptoms of dog cataracts, it would be best to understand first how it all happens. Basically, a cataract is a disruption in the arrangement of the fibres that comprise the eyes lens. When this disruption occurs it causes a reduction in vision and loss of the transparency. It is because of this fact that your dog’s eyes look cloudy.

Even though there are several forms of dog cataract, they actually all form in a similar pattern. The damage in the lens fibre is caused by an imbalance with the sodium water pump system. The normal lens of the eye is usually in a dehydrated but when this imbalance occurs, there is an increase in ocular fluid. Excess water moves into the eye lens and creates pressure resulting in transparency loss and eventually a cataract.

Usually, a cataract is classified according to the age when it forms. It can also help to determine whether or not the condition was passed on from mother to offspring.

Kinds of Cataracts in Dogs:

Congenital Cataracts

These are the types of cataracts that are passed on from one generation to another. These usually occur in both eyes. In some cases these are not inherited but the mother may contract an infection and its toxins can cause side effects such as cataracts in unborn puppies.

Breeds predisposed: Miniature Schnauzers.

Developmental Cataracts

This type develops early on in a puppy’s life. They may also be inherited in the sense that when the dam (mother) has a particular disease condition such as diabetes, contracts an infection or experiences trauma, it may lead to cataract formation.

Breeds predisposed: Afghan hound and Standard Poodle

Senile Cataracts

As the name would imply, this type of dog cataract occurs in animals that are older, usually six years and above.

Inherited Cataracts

This type occurs usually in relation to another ocular disease or sometimes as an independent condition. When a dog is diagnosed for this type of condition, it is mandatory that the animal must no longer be used for breeding due to the high probability that the condition be passed on.

Below is a partial list of dog breeds and the relative age of onset that the cataract is likely to occur:

Small Breeds:

• Boston Terrier – Congenital
• Miniature Schnauzer – 6 months of age or Congenital
• West Highland White Terrier – Congenital

Medium Breeds:

• American Cocker Spaniel – 6 months
• Old English Sheepdog – Congenital
• Siberian Husky – 6 months of age
• Golden Retriever – 6 months of age
• Labrador Retriever – 6 months of age
• Bull Terrier – 6 months of age
• Standard Poodle – 1 year of age
• Welsh Springer Spaniel – Congenital

Large Breeds:

• Afghan Hound – 6-12 months of age
• Chesapeake Bay Retriever – 1 year of age or above
• German Shepherd – 2 months of age

Treatment of Cataracts in Dogs:

Dog cataract currently can only be treated with surgery but there are also drugs that can be used in order to alleviate the condition. Since there is an increase in the ocular pressure within the eye, surgery involves removal of the extra water content within the lens. In some cases where in the damage is already extensive, it requires full removal of the lens.

Image credit: waycooldogs